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Tomato And Basil Soup Biography

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Joseph A. Campbell: Founder of Campbell's Soup

Joseph A. Campbell (15 May 1817 - 27 March 1900) started the company that introduced condensed tomato soup in 1897.

Today, the Campbell Soup Company (2007) is 50 to 60% owned by the Dorrance family.

In the UK and in North America, the same varieties of condensed soups are sold. In China, the varieties include Watercress, Duck-Gizzard, Hot and Sour Soup, Chicken with Winter Melon Soup and Cream of Pumpkin. In Argentina, Chicken Noodle is not popular, but Split Pea with Ham is.

As of 1905, the company sold 21 varieties of soup: Asparagus, bean, beef, bouillon, celery, chicken, chicken gumbo, clam boullion, clam chowder, consommé, julienne, mock turtle, mullitatawny, mutton, oxtail, pea, pepper pot, printanier (beef broth with vegetables), tomato, vegetable, vermicelli. In 1918, clam bouillon was replaced by vegetable beef. Mulligatawny was discontinued in the 1930s.

Joseph A. Campbell Personal History
Joseph Campbell was born in Cumberland County, New Jersey, on 15 May 1817 to James Campbell (a blacksmith, born 25 Feb 1786, died 1856) and Hannah Ogden Campbell. His parents had married on 28 March 1810.

A younger
Joseph Campbell
His brothers and sisters were: Charles Campbell (born 7 Dec 1819), James Campbell, Jr. (born 2 Feb 1822, became a blacksmith), John Campbell (born 6 Jan 1824, became a blacksmith), Ebenezer Davis Campbell (born 6 Sep 1828, died 9 May 1832), Mary Sharp Campbell Clark (born 19 Sep 1831), Benjamin Franklin Campbell (born 18 Jul 1833, died 20 Apr 1839.)

On 26 January 1839, Joseph married Abigail Powell Moore (born c. 1819), but she died on the 4th May 1841. On 7th May 1852, he remarried to a cousin named Adeline Ogden (born c. 1829.) They had one son, Charles Frederic Campbell, born April 1856, who died in infancy. Adeline herself died on 17 May 1856.

In 1858, he married Sarah Boyd Foster (born 1827, died 1912.) The couple would have one son and three daughters. Two of the daughters were Elizabeth B. Campbell (born 1864, died 1930) and Antoinette B. Campbell (born 1871, died 1948.)

Chronology of Campbell and his company

    1817 -- Joseph Campbell is born on 15th May 1817 in Bridgeton, New Jersey.
    1869 -- Campbell opened a canning factory at 41 North 2nd Street in Camden, New Jersey, with Abraham A. Anderson as a partner. They called it the Anderson & Campbell Preserve Company. Previously, Campbell had been a fruit merchant; Anderson was an icebox maker.
    1877 -- Campbell bought Anderson out, and renamed the business to "Joseph Campbell & Company."
    1891 -- The company's bestseller was "Beefsteak Ketchup." It wasn't what we'd think of as a tomato ketchup. Theirs was more of a sauce, closer to the original meaning of ketchup like Worcestshire sauce. It was made from anchovy, lobster, mushroom, soy and walnuts, flavoured with cinnamon, cloves, mace, mustard and vinegar.
    1892 -- Campbell renamed the company to the "Joseph A. Campbell Preserve Company." The company produced canned tomatoes, condiments, jellies, mincemeat and vegetables.
    1894 -- Campbell retired. Arthur Dorrance became President.
    1895 -- The company started selling ready-to-serve "Beefsteak Tomato" soup (not the condensed tomato soup they would later become famous for.)
    1897 -- A chemist working for the company, Arthur's nephew Dr John T. Dorrance (11 November 1873 – 21 September 1930), who was only 24 at the time, invented condensed soup. Condensing soup by taking the water out of it meant that the packaging and shipping costs were lowered. John had chemistry degrees from MIT and from Gottingen, Germany. He was paid $7.50 a week and had to buy his own laboratory equipment. The first condensed soup introduced was tomato.
    1898 -- The company introduced its red and white colours, when a company executive (Herberton Williams) saw how good the colours looked on Cornell University's new football uniforms.
    1900 -- Joseph Campbell died on 27 March 1900 in Riverton, New Jersey. He was buried in Woodlands Cemetery, Philadelphia, in plot Section C, Lot 515. His wife Sarah and his two daughters, Elizabeth and Antoinette, are buried with him.
    1900 -- In the same year, the condensed tomato soup won a gold medal in the Paris Exhibition. This is the gold medal still displayed on the tins. At this time, a tin of Campbell's condensed soup sold for ten cents. The uncondensed soup his competitors still made was selling for over 30 cents.
    1904 -- The Campbell's Kids are introduced, designed by Grace Wiederseim Drayton, an illustrator and writer.
    1912 -- Joseph's wife Sarah dies.
    1914 -- John T. Dorrance becomes President.

Dr John T. Dorrance, 1873 - 1930
Nephew of Joseph Campbell
Inventor of condensed soups

    1915 -- Campbells buys the Franco-American Food Company.
    1916 -- First publication of a cookbook, "Helps for the Hostess," showing how to use condensed soups in recipes.
    1922 -- By now, soup was so much the focus that the company name was changed again to reflect that, becoming the "Campbell Soup Company."
    1930 -- John T. dies. He is succeeded by his brother, Arthur.
    1930s -- The "Mm! M'm! Good!" jingle is introduced on the radio.
    1934 -- Cream of Mushroom and Chicken Noodle condensed soups are introduced.
    1955 -- In April, Campbell's purchases C.A. Swanson and Sons
    1960 -- Campbell's purchases the Pepperidge Farm Company.
    1961 -- Campbell's enters the Australia market, opening a manufacturing plant at Shepparton, Victoria in 1964.
    1980 -- Campbell's moves soup production out of Camden.
    1990 -- Campbell's ceases all manufacturing operations in Camden, but keeps its administrative headquarters there.
    2012 -- John T. Dorrance is posthumously inducted into the New Jersey Hall of Fame.

In England, Campbell's had a plant in King's Lynn, Norfolk from 1959 to 2011.
History Notes
Campbell's opened a UK factory in King's Lynn, England in 1959, and one in Shepparton, Victoria State, Australia in 1962.

In the fall of 2006, Campbell's sold its UK division to Premier Foods, including the recipes for its soups, but did not sell to them the right to use its label. Consequently, as of March 2008, all the soup was rebranded as "Batchelors Condensed Soup", with text on it saying "Formerly Campbell's. Same great taste." There were 22 flavours of Campbell's soup being made in England at the time of the sale.

In summer 2011, the familiar Campbell's Soup cans started returning to supermarket shelves in the UK, in partnership with the Symington's company in Leeds. The first of the original flavours to be re-offered were Cream of Mushroom, Cream of Tomato, Cream of Chicken and Cream of Celery. "Campbell’s spokesman Mike Hollis said the company had received hundreds of calls from customers keen to see the condensed soups make a return." [1]
Literature & Lore
"Campbell Soup's Green Bean Casserole" was invented by Dorcas Reilly (born 1926) in 1955. She was in charge of the Campbell's test kitchen. Her original 8 X 11 recipe card was donated in 2002 to America's National Inventor's Hall of Fame. It uses Cream of Mushroom soup. Campbell's estimates that 40% of its Cream of Mushroom soup sold is used for this recipe alone.

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